![]() ![]() The process of ionization will be discussed more in depth in the X-rays module. The amount of ionization that occurs is dependent upon two main factors, (1) the radiation energy, and (2) the type of material the radiation is interacting with. ![]() In order to liberate an electron from its parent atom, it will take energy that is at least equal to the binding energy that holds the electron. Atoms with positive or negative charges are called ions. positive ions Positive ions are known as cations. While if it had more electrons than protons, it would have an overall negative charge. This means that the electrons are held in their electron shells by a quantity of binding energy. But it becomes a negative ion if an extra electron is pushed into the atom so that it has an excessive number of electrons. So, when an atom gains one or more electrons, it has more electrons than protons so it acquires the negative charge and is known as an anion (ion with a. One way ionization occurs is through radiation.ÂĪtoms are held together by a binding energy. Simply subtract the number of protons (the atomic number) from the mass number to find the remaining neutrons. You can find the number of neutrons if you know the isotope of the atom. If the charge is negative, electrons are in excess. Consequently, the liberated electron is a negative ion, as long as it exists by itself and does not combine with another atom. If the charge is positive, there are more protons than electrons. With an electron removed, the atom possesses a plus one charge, therefore it is a positive ion. That is, there are more protons in the nucleus (positive charges) than there are electrons (negative charges). If we remove an electron from a stable atom, the atom becomes electrically incomplete/unbalanced. An ion with extra electrons has a negative charge and is. Ionization is any process that changes the electrical balance within an atom. An ion is an atom with a different number of electrons than protons and is electrically charged. After reading this section you will be able to:Īn ion is an atom, group of atoms, or a particle with a positive or negative charge. ![]()
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